[教程] GitHub Pages+Gridea搭建静态博客网站
WordPress 是目前主流的内容管理平台 / 博客平台，但它并非是唯一选择。如果你目前并不打算付费购买服务器托管自己的网站，那通过 GitHub + Gridea 的方式来搭建一个免费的静态博客网站也不失为一个比较好的选择。
本文将逐步讲解如何从零开始通过 GitHub Pages+Gridea 的方式搭建一个静态博客网站。在认真读完这份文档教程后，即使是纯小白用户也可以自己动手搭建起一个静态博客网站。
为什么要使用 GitHub Pages
GitHub Pages是GitHub提供的一个免费的静态网站托管服务。它允许GitHub用户创建和托管他们自己的静态网站，无需购买额外的服务器空间或域名。GitHub Pages非常适合个人博客、项目文档、简历、个人网站等静态内容的托管。
以下是GitHub Pages的一些主要特点和使用情况：
- 免费托管： GitHub Pages为GitHub用户提供免费的静态网站托管服务。用户可以将他们的静态网页文件（如HTML、CSS、JavaScript、图像等）存储在GitHub仓库中，并将其发布到GitHub Pages上。
- 简单设置： 设置GitHub Pages非常简单。用户只需在他们的GitHub仓库中创建一个特定的分支（通常命名为
gh-pages）或在主分支中创建一个名为docs的文件夹，然后将静态网页文件放在其中。GitHub Pages会自动检测并托管这些文件。 - 自定义域名： 用户可以将自己的域名与GitHub Pages网站关联，使网站具有个性化的网址，而不仅仅是GitHub提供的默认网址。这意味着用户可以拥有自己的域名，例如
www.example.com，并将其指向他们的GitHub Pages网站。 - 版本控制： 由于GitHub Pages是与GitHub仓库集成的，因此用户可以使用Git来管理和版本控制他们的网站内容。这使得多人协作、备份和版本历史管理变得非常容易。
- 支持Jekyll： GitHub Pages还集成了Jekyll，这是一个静态网站生成器。用户可以使用Jekyll来创建更复杂的静态网站，包括博客和动态内容。
总之，GitHub Pages是一个方便的工具，让开发者和用户能够轻松创建和托管静态网站，而不必担心服务器配置和托管费用。它是GitHub的一个附加功能，使开源项目和个人网站更容易分享和访问。
不过除了以上这些显而易见的优势外，GitHub 作为一项免费服务，也存在一些限制和不足：
- 在使用时项目和网站大小不要超过1GB；
- 不要过于频繁地更新网站内容（每小时不超过10个版本）；
- GitHub 服务器节点在美国，网站访问速度上没有优势可言；
为什么要使用 Gridea
对于小白而言，使用 GitHub 仓库来管理和推送文章相对比较麻烦。使用 Gridea 这款静态博客写作客户端工具，可以让我们更专注于创作。
Gridea是一个开源的、用于博客写作和管理的桌面应用程序。它是一款基于Electron开发的跨平台应用，旨在提供一个简单而强大的博客写作工具，使博主能够轻松地创建和管理他们的博客内容。
以下是Gridea的一些主要特点和功能：
- 离线写作： Gridea允许用户在离线状态下编写博客文章，这意味着你可以在没有互联网连接的情况下进行创作。
- Markdown支持： 它使用Markdown语法，使得博主可以使用简单的文本标记语言编写文章，然后将其转化为格式化的博客文章。
- 多平台支持： Gridea可在Windows、macOS和Linux等多种操作系统上运行，适用于各种不同的计算机环境。
- 图片管理： Gridea还包括图片管理功能，允许用户上传和管理与文章相关的图片。
- 发布到各种博客平台： 它支持将文章发布到多种博客平台，如WordPress、Hexo、Typecho等，以及支持自定义的静态博客生成器。
- 主题和自定义： 用户可以选择不同的主题来自定义博客的外观，还可以根据自己的需要进行各种设置和定制。
总的来说，Gridea是一款为博主提供了方便的博客写作和管理工具，特别适用于喜欢使用Markdown语法编写博客文章的用户。
搭建步骤
创建 GitHub pages
1. 注册 GitHub 账号。
2. 注册完成后，在个人主页界面中选择创建一个新的 repository（仓库）。
3. 在 Create a new repository 页面，输入 Repository name（仓库名）。
需要注意的是，Repository name 的格式需要设置为类似 githubusername.github.io 的形式。
举个例子，我的 GitHub 用户名为 binzeng001，所以我的 Repository name就需要填写 binzeng001.github.io 。
接下来，选择 Public（公开模式），勾选 Add a README file，接着点击 Create repository 按钮。
4. 创建成功后，点击 Settings 按钮。
5. 点击 Settings 页面左侧的 Pages 打开 GitHub Pages 设置页面。 然后选择使用 main 分支，点击 Save 保存。点击 Choose a theme 可以给刚创建好的 GitHub Pages 选择一个主题。
生成一个Token
1. 依次点击右上角个人头像 > Settings > 左侧边栏的 Developer settings > 左侧边栏的Personal access tokens，然后点击右侧的 General net token 按钮。
2. 在 Note 一栏，简单用文字描述此 token 的作用，设置好 token 的过期时间，并勾选 repo。然后滑动页面到最底端，点击 Generate token 按钮生成 token。
3. token 生成好后，可以暂时先开着这个页面，等待会儿安装配置 Gridea 时再把 token 复制过去。
安装配置Gridea
1. 前往Gridea官网下载适用于你电脑操作系统的 Gridea 安装包。
2. 下载完成后，将其安装到你的电脑上。初次打开 Gridea，界面是这个样子，非常简洁素雅：
3. 点击 Gridea 左侧边栏的远程，在基础配置tab下，按照截图所示填写好配置信息，然后点击保存按钮：
- 域名：Github pages 对应的域名（例如：https://binzeng001.github.io 或自定义域名：e.g. https://blog.justwrite.top）
- 仓库：你的静态文件存放的仓库（例如：binzeng001.github.io）
- 分支：你的 GitHub Pages 对应的分支（例如：main）
- 用户名：仓库所属用户的用户名（你的 GitHub 账号的昵称）
- 邮箱：Git 推送时使用的邮箱（你的 GitHub 账号的邮箱）
- Token: Git 推送时需要的 Token，用来向 GitHub 提交构建后的文件 Github personal access tokens
- CNAME: 可通过这个选项配置你自己的域名
4. 随后点击底部检测远程连接，确认远程连接是否正常。
5. 点击同步按钮，你的博客的静态页面就可以同步发布到 GitHub 上了，点击预览按钮，可以查看预览效果。
此外，你还可以通过 Gridea 来设置网站主题，网站名称，网站描述等。
接下来，你就可以在浏览器上输入前面步骤配置好的域名（e.g. https://bingzeng001.github.io）访问你的网站了。
配置自定义域名（非必要步骤）
如果你已经有注册自己的域名，那么你可以在 GitHub Pages 设置中配置自定义域名，并免费启用 HTTPS 。具体操作步骤如下：
1. 前往你的域名提供商网站后台，在 DNS 解析里新增一条类别为 CNAME 的解析记录。举个栗子，我选择使用子域名 blog.justwrite.top 这个子域名来访问这个 GitHub pages，那么我只需要通过 CNAME 的方式指向我前面创建的 GitHub pages 域名 binzeng001.github.io即可：
注：添加完成后需要等待 DNS 解析生效（DNS 的解析记录生效到全球可能需要几分钟时间）。
2. 回到 GitHub pages 的 Settings 界面，在 Custom domain 下方填入刚才添加的子域名，e.g. blog.justwrite.top，勾选 Enforce HTTPS，点击 Save 按钮保存。
保存后 GitHub 需要一定的时间生成证书并确认域名解析是否正常。成功后显示结果如下：
3. 回到 Gridea，将基础配置中的域名部分，更新为刚才添加的自定义域名即可。
4. 打开浏览器，输入自己注册的域名，会发现我们已经可以通过自定义的域名来访问这个静态博客网站了~
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